|
Alberto Henschel (13 June 1827〔Ermakoff 2004, p. 174.〕 – 30 June 1882〔Ermakoff 2004, p. 175.〕) was a German-Brazilian photographer born in Berlin. Considered the hardest-working photographer and businessman in 19th-century Brazil,〔Vasquez 2000, p. 11.〕 with offices in Pernambuco, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo,〔Vasquez 2000, p. 109.〕 Henschel was also responsible for the presence of other professional photographers in the country, including his compatriot Karl Ernst Papf—with whom he later worked.〔 Henschel became known for making pictorial representations of Rio de Janeiro as a landscaper photographer〔 and for being an excellent portraitist.〔Ferrez 1953, p. 82.〕 He earned the title of ''Photographo da Casa Imperial'' (''Photographer of the Royal House''),〔 allowing him to photograph the everyday life of the Brazilian monarchy during the Reign of Pedro II, even photographing the emperor Dom Pedro II〔Vasquez 2000, p. 114.〕 and his family.〔Vasquez 2000, p. 115.〕 This title would give his photographs increased recognition and raise their price. But his principal contribution to the history of Brazilian photography is his photographic record of the different social classes in Brazil in the 19th century: portraits, usually in the ''carte de visite'' format, taken of the nobility, of rich tradesmen, of the middle-class, and of black people, either slaves or free,〔Ermakoff, p. 175.〕 in a period before the ''Lei Áurea''. ==Antecedents== As soon as the first world maps showing Brazil were printed in the Renaissance era of Albrecht Dürer, the recently discovered country aroused the interest of the German public.〔 Among the first attractions were the enthusiastic descriptions and illustrations〔Vasquez 2000, p. 13.〕 of the Indians, the exotic landscapes, the abundance of wild animals and the new species of plants〔 first conveyed in the works of Hans Staden. This was followed by the writings of adventurers and scientists such as Johann Baptist Emanuel Pohl, author of ''Viagem no Interior do Brasil, Empreendida nos Anos de 1817 a 1821 e Publicada por Ordem de Sua Majestade o Imperador da Áustria Francisco Primeiro'' (''Voyage in the Interior of Brazil. Launched in the Years of 1817 to 1821 and Published by the Order of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria Franscisco First''),〔Vasquez 2000, p. 12.〕 in which he describes his journey through the country with wonder and enthusiasm, his words accompanied by luxuriant illustrations.〔 About Rio de Janeiro, Pohl wrote: If some place in the New World deserves, for its location and natural conditions, to become one day a theater of big events, a center of civilization and culture, an emporium of worldwide commerce, it is, in my opinion, Rio de Janeiro. I cannot, here, repress this observation. Willingly hovers the fantasy on the future of such charming country, that is at present little developed and, so to speak, does not have a past. Certainly these narrations and illustrations were the principal attractions for those German photographers of the 19th century that moved to Brazil, such as Revert Henrique Klumb, Augusto Stahl, Karl Ernst Papf, and Alberto Henschel.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alberto Henschel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|